Health condition, the tooth root is surrounded by bone supporting the teeth and is responsible for the stability. The gums are pink outer layer of soft tissue covering the bone (hard tissue), which is the most likely in the oral cavity.
The main cause of periodontal disease is bacterial plaque (plaque) produced regularly over the teeth and gums. Plaque that is not removed by daily cleaning becomes sediment rugged called tartar teeth. The bacteria that accumulate secrete toxins that initiate inflammation and destroying the gum tissues that support the teeth. Over time, plaque penetrates deep into and along the surface of the root, creates a "pocket" periodontal gums tooth, affects the connective tissue and can cause irreversible damage to the gums, the bone that supports the tooth and the tooth itself. If left untreated, the teeth lose their stability, and mobility increases to Lnsirtn.
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Types of diseases
Gum inflammation (Gingivitis)
This is a mild form of gum disease. G'ing'ibitis is a superficial infection of the soft gum tissue, without losing grip of the teeth. Inflammation caused by plaque. In this situation, the gums are red, swollen and bleeding. This is accompanied by symptoms of pain, of varying intensity. This form of gum disease is reversible with treatment by dental hygienist maintenance and domestic hygiene at a high level.
Moderate periodontitis (MILD / MODERATE CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS)
This is a common form of gum disease manifested by inflammation in the tissues that support the teeth, loss of bone support and is characterized by pockets of periodontal and gingival recession. Title tooth looks longer due to gingival recession following the loss of tooth supporting tissues. The disease occurs mainly in adults but look at any age, damage builds up and therefore its rate increases with age. Periodontal loss progress is not uniform. Sometimes it is slow and often appear in periods of rapid destruction. Lack of initial disease stage, treatment may result in worsening of the disease. At this stage, treatment is conservative periodontal therapy that role to prevent further progression of the disease.
Advanced periodontitis (SEVERE CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS)
This disease is a more serious form of gum disease periodontitis is characterized by mild symptoms plus causes tooth mobility, movement of the teeth out of position, and the opening of spaces between teeth. It is important to understand that losing teeth is part of the aging process, but is caused in most cases, gum disease is not treated. At this stage, the initial treatment is conservative periodontal therapy that role to prevent further progression of the disease. Sometimes also require surgical intervention.
Aggressive periodontitis (AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS)
Periodontal disease in healthy people, usually appears in young people is characterized by rapid destruction and loss of bone supporting the teeth. Family genetic link to the disease. At this stage, the initial treatment is conservative periodontal therapy that role to prevent further progression of the disease and sometimes even require surgical intervention.
Rtzsiot (RECESSIONS)
Receding gums (Rtzsih) is a common phenomenon characterized by the exposure of the surface of the root due to displacement of marginal gums towards the root and is most common in young people. The main reasons for the withdrawal of gums are brushing aggressive periodontal minutes, the accumulation of bacteria and inflammation, receding gums as part of the destructive process of disease serious gum and tooth prominent position of the jaw teeth request especially after orthodontic treatment.
Scientific research shows that:
The main factor for the development of gingivitis (Gingivitis) is a dental plaque.
80% to 90% of the population of US adolescents, and the percentage is higher than in other regions, there are signs of gingivitis and bleeding members.
One in three US adults suffer from gum disease.
More than 50% of the Prodigal teeth in adults over age 40 are result of gum disease.
Periodontal disease risk factors
Controllable risk factors:
- Specific bacteria manage to multiply oxygen around the pocket door gums.
- Smoking accelerates the progression of gum disease due to constriction of blood vessels, decrease the supply of oxygen and freezing the immune system.
- Defective restorations (fillings, crowns) encourage the accumulation of bacterial plaque.
- Systemic conditions that are controllable, such as diabetes. Diabetics are at increased risk of infectious disease and gum disease because of a decline in the body's immune response. The process is symbiotic. The Inflammation causes a decrease in shape body use insulin and thus worsening diabetic condition, other imbalances worsening diabetic condition causes inflammation of the gums.
- Stress, psychological distress and difficulty coping. Stress mode decreases the body's ability to fight infections and gum disease.
- Use of drugs that affect the state Hhniciim- have to inform the doctor about medications gums these drugs against hypertension, calcium channel blockers family, old school, antiepileptic drugs, oral contraceptives and antidepressants.
- Dental erosion - grinding and teeth clenching factors exerting power over-the chewing apparatus and may accelerate the rate of destruction of the teeth and gums that support the teeth.
Risk factors that can not be controlled;
- Genetics: Recent studies have shown that the influence of genetics on disease is 40% -80% of people who have the disease.
- Systemic conditions that are not fully controllable, and their presence may result in the development of gum disease or alternatively accelerate existing periodontal disease such as osteoporosis.
Periodontal disease around the implants
Friaimflnt mucositis (PERI - IMPLANT MUCOSITIS)
Superficial infection of the gums surrounding the implant and does not involve bone loss. This inflammation is influenced by the amount of bacteria in the mouth and oral hygiene of the patient. The infection may be reversible condition who make sure the home and professional cleaning suitable, like the treatment of gingivitis around natural teeth (Gingivitis).
Friaimflntitis (PERI - IMPLANTITIS)
Severe inflammation in the gums surrounding the implant is accompanied by the loss of the jawbone and a reduction in the grip of the implant. Known risk factors include oral hygiene is not adequate, a history of severe gum disease, heavy smoking and uncontrolled diabetes. Handling this situation often requires surgical intervention recovery.
It is important to note that gum disease around the teeth can increase the risk of infection around the implant and therefore it is important to take care of them before installing implants. Following the increased risk of complications related to implants in patients with periodontal disease, it is recommended to carry out permanent monitoring of the tissues around the implants and treat if infection develops.
Surgical Periodontal Treatment
Analysis reduction and elimination pockets Friodontaliim
This treatment aims to surgically remove the soft tissue of the gum pocket of the ordinary. At the same time can improve the cleaning surface bacteria accumulated on it root and stone deposits. Reducing the gum pocket exception allows better control of hygiene and better prevention of mumps infection and disease.
Regenerative surgery
Treatment of restructuring grip tissue of the tooth root bone, cement, and periodontal fibers. This treatment is relatively innovative and uses external materials such as bone substitutes, membranes and proteins produced in laboratories and medical institutions accordingly.
Analysis around implants
Treatment of the disease around the implant is designed both to control pollution and restore lost bone tissue. According to the latest literature, a surgical treatment efficacy in some cases, as in some cases it is impossible to remove the implant.
Removal of excess gum surgery
The goal of treatment is the removal of excess gums to reveal the full crown of the tooth and gum performed the patients with extremely thick covering a tooth header. This analysis is important aesthetically and medically, because beyond the aesthetic appearance of the gums non thickened is difficult to removing plaque that enables the development of gingivitis.
Pre-surgery rehabilitation (extension header)
Another treatment that combines health and aesthetics is pre-surgery rehabilitation. This analysis includes moving the gum line position allows preparation of capped so that both do not harm health gums and allow keeping a high level of hygiene. Pre reconstructive surgery can be performed on a small number of teeth (1-3), or the entire jaw. Recovery from surgery depends on the type of surgery and the patient's personality.
Gum grafting
Gum grafting is a surgical procedure performed to improve darn gum structure after gingival recession (Rtzsih). This process connective tissue implanted on the exposed root surface and aim to restore the gums linked and stop the advance of the withdrawal. This is a delicate procedure that requires precision, skill and experience to get a satisfactory result.According to Dr. Evron generation periodontics specialist with extensive experience in this type treatments "gum transplant tissue is important in creating a stable and healthy gums around the tooth neck and also for the treatment of this role in improving the aesthetics of the smile particularly in the front teeth."
You can take the connective tissue from various sources:
Soft tissue that is taken from the patient himself - a procedure that involves taking tissue from another site in the mouth (usually from the palate) and implantation in the patient.
From Bank connective tissue formation "- tissue made of collagen and protein which helps the natural tissue to grow back.
Choosing the tissue is made at the discretion of the expert professional periodontal disease.
Frnktomi
Parnumaa is a strip of thin soft tissue connecting the upper lip / footer gum (the most prominent is the center of an imaginary line of face, between the two central incisors) or connecting the tongue and gums in the lower jaw. In some situations it is necessary to perform the cutting of Parnumaa. This surgical procedure is called Frnktomi.
Possible situations to make Frnktomi:When Parnumaa connects to the gums in the area is too close to the front incisors and may result in the formation interval between them or receding gums,as Parnumaa interferes with suckling infants, as wellas linguistic bother Parnumaa tongue movement and speech.